Welcoming a new litter of “choir-singing” puppies into your home is always a thrilling time for the entire family! The anticipation of their colours, markings, and temperaments brings so much excitement, as everyone imagines these future champions. However, as all responsible breeders know, breeding puppies requires a huge commitment of time, care, and financial investment. This dedication is what sets trusted breeders apart. The well-being of both the mother and puppies must always come first. In this article, we’ll explore five key veterinary considerations when planning for a litter of puppies.
1. Before Deciding to Breed
Is breeding your dog a good idea? This is one of the most critical questions a breeder needs to answer, and it’s not always straightforward. You may need to collaborate closely with your veterinarian to assess whether this particular dog is a suitable candidate for breeding. Remember, a few knowledgeable opinions are better than one!
2. Nutrition
Once the mother is pregnant, it’s crucial to monitor her diet carefully. As the embryos develop and grow—doubling in size every 7 days—they require more calories, which the mother provides through her food. During the final third of the pregnancy, when the majority of the growth occurs, it’s important to gradually increase the mother’s food intake by 30-50% to meet the puppies’ nutritional demands.
3. Exercise
In the first two weeks after mating, it’s best to limit strenuous exercise. This helps reduce stress during the critical period when the embryos are implanting into the uterine walls (usually around days 15-18). In the last trimester, it’s also wise to limit exercise. As the mother’s abdomen swells, it can put pressure on her diaphragm and chest, making it harder for her to breathe. Opt for multiple short walks rather than long ones during this stage.
4. Vet Visits
A prenatal visit to the vet is highly recommended. This visit can coincide with a yearly vaccination booster, and the vet can also ensure the pregnancy is progressing smoothly. If you want to check on the puppies’ development, your vet can perform an ultrasound. It’s also a good time to treat the mother for worms during the last trimester, as this helps reduce the transfer of hookworms and roundworms through the mother’s milk to the puppies.
5. Immediately Before & During Birth
This stage is undoubtedly the most nerve-wracking for everyone involved. A common mistake is intervening too early in the birthing process, which can cause more complications than actual dystocia (difficult births). Prepare the mother by exposing her to the whelping box weeks before her due date, so she feels comfortable. When labor begins, allow her to be in a quiet, dark place undisturbed. If possible, observe from a distance. Each puppy will be delivered in its sac, which the mother will naturally rupture along with the umbilical cord. If more than two hours pass between consecutive puppies, contact your vet immediately, as this could indicate an emergency. Having an experienced person present during the birth can also be extremely helpful.
By following these five key veterinary tips, you can ensure a safer, healthier, and smoother experience for both the mother and her puppies. Breeding responsibly is a significant commitment, but with the right planning and care, it’s an incredibly rewarding process.
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